Traffic and Urban Congestion 1955

Traffic and Urban Congestion: 1955-1970 Essay In 1960, Great Britain despite everything had no urban expressways. In any case, with the responsibility for vehicles getting perpetually normal, the issue of clog in British urban areas was unavoidable. Researching the conceivable outcomes of expressways as alleviators of large city automobile overloads, the legislature supported Buchanan Report was cynical: the investigation shows the entirely impressive expected develop of traffic as vehicular proprietorship and utilization increment to the most extreme. The convenience of the maximum capacity is very likely past any pragmatic chance of being figured it out. There is consequently no getting away from the need to consider how much and by what implies the maximum capacity is to be curtailed.1. We will compose a custom article on Traffic and Urban Congestion: 1955-1970 explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In the decades going before this examination, Americans confronted a lot of a similar issue with transportation in their urban communities. Be that as it may, the American arrangement for managing urban blockage in the vehicle age was totally different. In 1954, President Eisenhower proposed that metropolitan zone blockage be unraveled by a stupendous arrangement for an appropriately verbalized thruway framework. In 1956, the House Committee on Public Works encouraged extreme advances, cautioning that in any case roads turned parking lots will before long deteriorate our developing economy.2. Standing up to the equivalent problemurban traffic congestionthe British and the American governments reacted with profoundly various arrangements. In Britain, blockage in urban communities was comprehended to mean an abundance of cars entering urban areas. The issue, to British organizers, was to decrease relative dependence on the private vehicle so as to permit better development of traffic. However, in the U.S., organizers deciphered blockage as a sign that streets were insufficient and needing improvement. Even with roads turned parking lots, the British would in general say, an excessive number of vehicles! while the Americans would state, inadequate roads!U.S. urban transportation strategy was formed by this propensity, from its beginnings during the 1940s until the mid 1960s. This paper makes a twin contention. Initially, the manner by which U.S. urban transportation strategy was planned during the 1940s and 1950s blocked the British arrangement. Notwithstanding the overall b enefits of the British and American methodologies, debilitating the utilization of the car was impossible American approach producers could consider. The American political culture could consider huge scope household extends just with the participation of the private segment, and in the U.S. this implied to a great extent car intrigue gatherings. The subsequent point is that American urban transportation strategy withdrew from this situation during the 1960s. By the 1970s U.S. strategy was substantially more like Great Britains. In 1975, official Department of Transportation strategy perceived the car as a significant supporter of . . . clog, and it asked State and neighborhood networks to reexamine a portion of the interstate arranging previously done as such as to decide whether a specific expressway despite everything offers the best transportation alternative.3. However, American urban communities had just been relying upon a turnpike based transportation framework by the mid 19 60s, and the settled car pattern was irreversable. The volume of engine vehicle traffic in U.S. urban communities in 1970 was more than over multiple times what it had been in 1950, while the quantity of travelers carried on urban rail frameworks had fallen by 66%. City transport ridership was somewhere near half over a similar period. The foundation of the road as the foremost transportation framework in American citiesand of the private car as the essential modewas a practiced actuality by the late 1960s.4. The strategy changes started in the mid 1960s came past the point where it is possible to change the overwhelmingly vehicle based urban transportation framework. One can preclude the criticalness from claiming the change on the grounds of its lateness. Yet, a significant inquiry stays unanswered: for what reason did government transportation strategy switch itself and inclination a reexamining of arranged expressway ventures? How did organizers get from the insuf-ficient streets understanding of blockage to the such a large number of vehicles perspective?This article recommends a few clarifications. To some degree, the inadequate streets see, when executed, involved its own death. Advertisers of urban parkways recognized that extreme advances were important to permit generally free development of vehicles in urban areas. These means, to be sufficiently uncommon to work, additionally must be sufficiently exceptional to make discussion and resistance where little or none had existed pr eviously. On the off chance that, as New Yorks extraordinary street developer, Robert Moses, proposed, organizers would need to hack their way with a meat hatchet to construct expressways in urban areas, at that point they could anticipate that parkway adversaries should turn out to be similarly solid in their opposition.5. After a lot of hacking, nearby resistance, lawful limitations, and court choices dulled the axs edge. .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .postImageUrl , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:hover , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:visited , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:active { border:0!important; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:active , .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:hover { darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80b cb28c4a7 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u60cdc5dc4ad68d6b17c4e80bcb28c4a7:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Islamic Architecture Analysis EssaySecond, the decentralized association of the U.S. political framework permitted numerous purposes of access to strategy making discussions for bunches restricting explicit interstate tasks, bunches contradicting the expressway based urban transportation strategy, and gatherings advancing different types of urban travel. As right on time as 1959, San Franciscos regional government, under tension from its residents, prohibited road extends inside its city limits. All through the 1960s and into the 1970s, different urban communities followed San Franciscos lead, battling ventures that were politically threa tening.6. There is little record of state-level restriction to ventures, however this is justifiable taking into account the significant level of state authority over interstate arranging. At the government level, from which most urban roadway cash came, different plans, (for example, help to mass travel, thruway beautification, and expanded migration help to occupants dislodged by parkway ventures) just as out and out resistance to expressways with respect to various noticeable congressmen and representatives, served to debilitate the first interstates just administrative urban transportation strategy of the 1950s. Likewise essential to the change was the expanding protection of government transportation policymaking during the 1960s from the intrigue bunches which had for all intents and purposes controlled it during the 1950s. At the point when Eisenhower and Congress collaborated to make a very much subsidized government urban transportation strategy, they asked private street building interests to work out the subtleties. Eisenhowers hesitance to extend the government organization required such a move. There was no government organization concerned explicitly with urban transportation. The administrations interstate agencythe Bureau of Public Roadshistorically worried about country streets, leaving urban courses to civil governments. The BPR was underfunded thus it also turned to the counsel of industry. Interstate enterprises in this way had a case to mastery that no administration office could dispute.7. Through the span of the 1960s this circumstance changed extensively. With the finish of official branch hesitance to grow the administration, the government started to make its own instruments of transportation policymaking, free of industry. In 1966, the as of late made government transportation organizations were united in the new Department of Transportation. With its overseers capable to the president and with its own in-house mastery, the Department was protected from the impact of interstate industry. The destruction of the expressways just approach stemmed likewise from genuine defects in the arrangement itself. From the finish of World War Two, the government started a huge intercession in urban transportation, one which had increment

Starbucks Target Market

?Starbucks Target Market Starbucks Target advertise is nine-to-five laborers inurban focuses and encompassing rural areas, however as a rule any age, and any individual as well. Their costumers recognizing a reasonable Value proposition, on the grounds that is best imparted essentially whenâ some individual had settled on the choice to drop into a retail location, stay for a spell, and afterward share with colleagues the following day the experience had there. Howard Schultz said in his vision of Starbucks that â€Å"you get more than the best espresso when you visit†¦ you get extraordinary individuals, top notch music, an agreeable and peppy gathering spot, and sound counsel on blending phenomenal espresso at home. In situating itself as a novel substance in a land with nothing comparative, a Starbucks store was elevated to be â€Å"a place where you can kick back and act naturally. † The organization vision incorporated that â€Å"at home you're a piece of a familyâ € ¦ at work you're a piece of a company†¦ and some place in between†¦ † there is a Starbucks! So the Starbucks item, while instilled in its espresso, is actually the general understanding. The cost of a real prepared mug of espresso was predictable with the picture of being â€Å"a indent above† or a â€Å"worthwhile experience†Ã¢â‚¬higher than most contenders. What's more, where Starbucks offered its item was essentially its retail outlets. To encounter Starbucks completely, one must go to a real Starbucks area. In this regard, the area of a Starbucks comparative with client comfort was significant, and Starbucks built up a â€Å"real bequest opportunistic† disposition to address thisâ€that is it didn't really hang tight for the perfect structure or parcel to open up, Starbucks was adaptable as far as retail space format and configuration to fit the area accommodation of its objective market

Screenless Saturdays

Screenless Saturdays The rhythm of life is not unlike a heartbeat. When everything is running smoothly, a balanced existence oscillates from productive to phlegmatic. These days, however, with our tweets and likes and mentions and comments and posts and and and its difficult to find a healthy tempo. Dont relax. Reply. React. Repost. Retweet. Repeat. Our steady sine wave has collapsed into a fallow flatline. Go, go, go. Never stop never stopping. But what if we need to stop? A heartbeat is a heartbeat precisely because it stops before it beats again. A meaningful life is no different. So, The Minimalists are experimenting with intermittent stopping. Were calling it Screenless Saturdays, and youre welcome to join us. You might call it a techno sabbatical, a digital detox, or a social-media diet, or you might simply think of it as a break, a breather, a repose from the frenzied world around you. Whatever you call it, there are at least three ways to experiment with Screenless Saturdays: Social-Media Fast. Avoid all social media all day Saturday. Digital Downtime. Avoid your computer screens, too. Truly Screenless. Avoid all glowing screens. Yes, even your phone. Which choice would provide the ideal respite? Thats the path worth walking. Whichever path you choose, take three minutes before you go to bed on Saturday to jot down the ways in which you enjoyed the day differently without the pall of the digital world dulling your neurons. How did you spend your day? How was it different? How did you feel? Tell us about your experience on Twitter. Just dont ping us on a Saturdayâ€"we wont be around to see it. Infographic: Screenless Saturdays Click to Pin Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

It has been said that pre-numerical counting systems...

It has been said that pre-numerical counting systems pre-dated the written language. Business accounting is rooted in the organization of monetary claims throughout the history of the Western civilization, developing even before the ancient accountants could note the mathematical entries. Beginning in Mesopotamia around 3500 B.C, and developing throughout the 14th century in Europe, accounting has become one of the largest advancements in the Western world. This long standing form of collaborating financial data has evolutionalized the way we approach business in the 21st century. While todays accountants are involved in the analysis of financial data and the auditing of cash flow through a corporation, this hasnt always held true. The†¦show more content†¦Often, for precaution, the trade was again written in the outercrust of the tablet so that no other alterations could be made. Ancient Europe held an accounting system similar to that of the Mesopotamian community. Here th ey used a form of papyrus, a paper material made from the stem of a water plant, instead of the clay tablets that were much less plentiful in this area. â€Å"Accountants† in this part of the western world were typically associated with a specific store or trade business, and were evaluated extensively by an internal verification system within the corporation for which they were accredited in order to implement a more detailed accounting transaction built upon honesty and credibility of those calculating. While Egyptians made thousands of trades regarding gold and silver, they referred to each as an exchange of goods rather than ascribing value to the item. This made the calculating and recording different commodities in different credit terms very difficult. According to public records, ancient Greece used accountants for personal monetary organization and to maintain authority of governmental finances. Its systematic process equipped with leaders was evident in the Athens P opular Assembly, who ratified all decrees regarding financial matters in the state. This assembly met every ten days to discuss events regarding Athenian code and allowed citizens to attend and vote on commissioned decisions made in government. Perhaps Greeces mostShow MoreRelatedPepsi Prospectus112807 Words   |  452 Pagesinformation (including the preliminary and final Prospectus) and does not constitute an offer of Offer Shares for sale in the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, U.S. persons. 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Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permissionRead MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 PagesCHAPTER 1 ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1.1 The value of information is the difference between the benefits realized from using that information and the costs of producing it. Would you, or any organization, ever produce information if its expected costs exceeded its benefits? If so, provide some examples. If not, why not? Most organizations produce information only if its value exceeds its cost. However, there are two situationsRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageswileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! 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Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanicalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesMcKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban Paradigm for an Urban World †¢ Howard Spodek 53 3 Women in the Twentieth-Century World Bonnie G. Smith 83 4 The Gendering of Human Rights in the International Systems of Law in the Twentieth Century †¢ Jean H. Quataert 116 5 The Impact of the Two World Wars in a Century of Violence †¢ John H. Morrow Jr. 161 6 Locating the United States in Twentieth-Century World History †¢ Carl J. 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Sociology vs. Cultural Anthropology Essay - 939 Words

The research methods in sociology and anthropology are similar yet follow a specific set of guidelines for each. Each field approaches research in a similar fashion but the methodology and intentions can differ. The differences reflect the distinct differences that are present in sociology and anthropology. The way that an anthropologist approaches a problem and attempts to solve it is different than a sociologist because of the discerning basis of their knowledge. Some of the research methods require a researcher to be up close and personal with subjects while in other methods the subject don’t even realize they are being observed. From these research methods, sociologists and anthropologists draw conclusions from their observations.†¦show more content†¦These are the hardest to replicate and have the least bit of control over almost everything. Social surveys are conducted by asking a number of respondents identical questions through a systematic questionnaire or interview (Tischler, 2007). Surveys allow the researcher to study things that are not directly observable, such as beliefs and attitudes. This allows for the generalized description of a population that would otherwise be too large to observe directly. The data that is collected can be compared and quantified amongst different classifications. One of the drawbacks is that the respondents may not be wholly truthful. There are different styles of surveys in sociology, such as telephone surveys and self- administered questionnaires. Both of these methods offer anonymity yet the response rates can be low. Philosophically, sociologists rely on experiments because they are directly observable, offer quick results and can be in a controlled environment, for the most part. 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Accusations Without Proof Free Essays

Accusations Without Proof In Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible, he tells the story of Salem, Massachusetts during the witch trials. He does this to draw a comparison between the red scare of the 1950s and the false accusations of the girls and the community in Salem in 1692. In his play the little girls who are about twelve to eighteen, they were dancing naked in the forest with a black caldron with Tituba. We will write a custom essay sample on Accusations Without Proof or any similar topic only for you Order Now Paris is the one who finds them and ow all the girls have to lie and say Tituba is in touch with the devil, act like they see evil spirits, and say that people were witches even thou they were not. In the end a lot of people die over silly things that could not even be proven. Some of the things they would do for punishment was, they would hold them underwater for ten minutes and if they came back up dead they were not witches, if they were alive they were. It was a lose lose method and not the best way to solve things. Most cases they came up dead. Another thing they would do is Just hang hem and not give them a chance to explain themselves. When they would take them into court and testify that they were not in touch with the devil the girls would act like they see things, and start to get scared. One girl went as far as faking a coma for several hours. The people that died did not deserve to over something silly like little girls trying to get out of trouble. This was much like the Red Scare because, everyone was paranoid thinking communism was taking over. People were questioned to see if they were communist, ust like in The Crucible. It Just goes to show how fast rumors can spread. Arthur Miller wrote about The Crucible because he wanted to show how close it was to the Red Scare, and that people would be questioned without proof. The point of this book is to demonstrate how hysteria and rumors can cause people a lot of problems, which in this case caused several people to die. In the Red Scare people thought Russians were spreading communism. In The Crucible people thought witchcraft was spreading through Salem. The girls went as far as letting eople close to them die Just to save themselves from getting in trouble. When Proctor and another member of Salem start an argument over whose land they are on, rumors start to spread that the girls are doing this to get their neighbors land. Elizabeth is the one who convinces John into admitting that he has seen the devil. John agrees to do it. The officers of the court rejoice in finding out something about the trials. But John refuses to give up anymore names in which he saw with the devil. The officers of the court want John to make his confession public but he grows ith anger and tears up the document he was suppose to sign. John and three others were hung at the very end of the book. All of the Salem witch trials could have been avoided if the group of girls would nave Just contessed to dancing naked in the torest. They could nave saved several lives from being ended and unnecessary punishments. People had to sit in Jail for years and would have killed themselves instead of going crazy in Jail. In the end they still got in trouble but if they would have confessed right away they would have robably Just got in minor trouble instead of ending up having a bunch of innocent people. The court didn’t handle the situation in the right manor either. They put people in Jail that they had no proof against. They could have thought of better ways to decide if they were witches or not instead of having them killed. In conclusion all of the Salem Witch Trials could have been avoided and lives could have been saved if the self-centered girls would have Just confessed right away. â€Å"Mr. Hale, you surely do not doubt my Justice. † -Danforth How to cite Accusations Without Proof, Papers

Book Report On Thomas Jefferson (1066 words) Essay Example For Students

Book Report On Thomas Jefferson (1066 words) Essay Book Report On Thomas JeffersonBook Review on Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson by Norman Risjord is a biography of the third president of the United States that takes Thomas Jefferson from his youth through his later years in the early 19th century. The purpose of this book is to give a political and social overview of the Thomas Jeffersons life and career. It was written for both the student of American history and the casual reader interested in the genesis of the United States government, seen through the eyes of one of its founding fathers. The value of this book is that it shows that Jefferson was not a saint, yet he was one of the most intelligent presidents that the country has ever had. Risjord has given the book great value because he has framed Jefferson among his peers. Consequently, the book truly comes to life, and the reader is able to learn about Jefferson as well as his contemporaries James Madison, John Marshall, and John Adams. The scope of the book is all-inclusive. Risjord begins with Jeffersons birth on April 13, 1743 on his fathers plantation, Shadwell, in Goochland County on the western edge. The narrative continues on to show Jefferson graduating from William and Mary College, then entering politics in Virginians House of Burgesses in 1769. Jefferson married Martha Skelton on New Years Day, 1772. With the Virginia legislature from 1776 to 1779, Jefferson formed the groundwork for abolition of entail and primogeniture, for the establishment of religious freedom, and not for the public school system. Jefferson was of course the author of the Declaration of Independence, and because he had set this document in motion, he waited out the Revolutionary War to see if the colonies would win. If they had lost, Jefferson would have been hanged for treason against the King of England. He served as the minister to France from 1785 to 1789. At this time there was growing opposition to Alexander Hamilton and his policies, and Jefferson associated himself with a group called the Republicans, who were actually forerunners to the present Democratic Party. While Jefferson was serving as vice President from 1797 to 1801, he drafted the Kentucky Resolutions. He was elected President following a long deadlock with Aaron Burr in the House of Representatives. This happened mainly because Alexander Hamilton considered Burr the more dangerous man and he gave his support to Jefferson. Jeffersons election was a great victory for the democratic forces, but it was black Tuesday to the thousands of Federalists who believed that the Republican leader was an atheistic anarchist who feared that his administration would be that of a bloodyhanded revolutionist. Jefferson was the first President to be inaugurated in Washington, a city that he had helped to plan. He became famous for the republican simplicity that he established there. During his first administration he achieved the Louisiana Purchase and oversaw the Lewis and Clark Expedition. During his second administration, Jefferson tried to enforce such measures as the Embargo Act of 1807, even though this brought a great deal of opposition. Once he retired from public life, Jefferson moved back to his beloved Monticello. It was at this time that he founded the University of Virginia and continued his activities as a scientist, architect, and philosopher-statesman. In his later years, Jefferson wrote about his view of the future, when he saw that the people would be enlightened by free education. Under a forward thinking democratic-republican institution, the people could govern themselves better than under any other system. .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .postImageUrl , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:hover , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:visited , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:active { border:0!important; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:active , .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3 .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf5ef8f5279fdb1b48104aed26815b9e3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reconstruction period EssayHis friend James Madison evoked these words when Jefferson died on the Forth of July in 1826. He lives and will live in the memory and gratitude of the wise and of the good, as luminary of Science, as a votary of liberty, as a model of patriotism, and as a benefactor of human kind. The style is controversial and the book offers insights into Jeffersons psychology as well as historical data. Risjord does well by his chapter headings, as they divide Jeffersons life into Vice President and President etc. And so they provide easy access. The bibliography is excellent, allowing for follow up on several of the texts to do more reading on, for example, the Louisiana Purchase. The illustrations are adequate: there might have been more of them, concentrating on Jeffersons political associates (Hamilton, Burr, and et al.). The author is relatively objective. Biographies of Jefferson since this 1994 edition have concentrated more on the darker side of Jeffersons life, such as the affair he had with his slave, but Risjord keeps primarily to the main facts of the third presidents life. If Risjord has a bias, it is that the earlier leaders of the U.S. showed more moral character than those today. This, however, is hard to see as a direct bias, as many of those who helped form the country in 1776 clearly had a great deal of character. In terms of his general intelligibility, Risjord is very readable. Risjord accuracy with the facts that he presents seems quite good. As has been mentioned, he doesnt deal with some of the more controversial aspects of Jeffersons life. In terms of my criticism, the book seems to be very valid. In referring to several other accounts of Jeffersons life, it appears that Risjord got all of the main facts correct. He did a commendable job of explaining Jeffersons election, with the Congressional dynamic between Hamilton and Burr. Risjord has accomplished what he set out to do, which was to present Jefferson as a person that readers could relate to as a politician, husband, father, as well as a man of higher learning. The author has made a contribution to the field of American history. This book is worth reading because it frames Thomas Jefferson within the context of his times. To explore this book is to experience the growth of America from a group of colonies to the United States and then on to the expanding nation that developed through the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Author Risjord has a great empathy for Jefferson, and this admiration shows through on every page. One comes away from this biography wondering where leaders of Jeffersons caliber are in todays political arena. If nothing else, Americans can take solace that this country was founded by, among others, Thomas Jefferson. Book Reports